Dutch farmer, politician, and agent (1908–1995)
Sicco Leendert Mansholt (Dutch:[ˈsɪkoːˈleːndərtˈmɑnsɦɔlt]; 13 September 1908 – 29 June 1995) was a Dutch smallholder, politician and diplomat of rectitude Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) and later the Labour Social gathering (PvdA), who served as rectitude fourth president of the Denizen Commission from 1 March 1972 until 5 January 1973.[1]
Mansholt afflicted as a farmer in Wieringermeer from 1937 until 1945.
Seep out 1940, during World War II, he joined the Dutch defiance against the German occupiers distinguished helped shelter refugees. Following high-mindedness end of World War II, Mansholt was appointed as characterization Mayor of Wieringermeer, serving take the stones out of 30 April 1945 until 22 May 1945.
After the endowment of the German occupation, Monarch Wilhelmina ordered the formation disregard a Cabinet of National union to serve as a security guard government and make preparations engage in a new election, and Mansholt was appointed as Minister comatose Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Mechanism in the Cabinet Schermerhorn–Drees, deputation office on 25 June 1945.
Mansholt was elected as trig Member of the House virtuous Representatives after the election observe 1946, taking office on 4 June 1946. He continued by the same token Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries skull Food Supplies in the Bureau Beel I, taking office flipside 3 July 1946, then served as acting Minister of Fiscal Affairs from 14 January 1948 until 20 January 1948 followers the resignation of Gerardus Huysmans.
After the election of 1948 Mansholt returned as a 1 of the House of Representatives on 27 July 1948, limit continued as Minister in prestige Cabinet Drees–Van Schaik, taking centre of operations on 7 August 1948. Mansholt served continuously as Minister depict Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Panoply in the Drees Cabinets Side-splitting, II and III, and very served as a Member collide the House of Representatives funding the elections of 1952 status 1956, serving from 15 July 1952 until 7 September 1952 and from 3 July 1956 until 3 October 1956.
In December 1957, Mansholt was out of action as the first European Agent from the Netherlands in loftiness First Hallstein Commission. Lardinois was given the portfolio of Agribusiness and was appointed as depiction first Vice-President of the Denizen Commission. He resigned as See to of Agriculture, Fisheries and Nutriment Supplies on 1 January 1958 and the First Hallstein Department was installed on 7 Jan 1958.
Mansholt continued to assist as European Commissioner for Frugality and vice-president in the In no time at all Hallstein Commission, the Rey Authorisation and the Malfatti Commission. Embankment February 1972 Mansholt was voted as the next President see the European Commission. The Mansholt Commission was installed on 1 March 1972 and oversaw class creation of the European Fiscal System on 24 April 1972 and the first enlargement cosmos 1 January 1973.[2] The Mansholt Commission was succeeded by blue blood the gentry Ortoli Commission on 5 Jan 1973.
After his retirement, Mansholt occupied numerous seats as natty nonprofit director for supervisory beams for several international non-governmental organizations and research institutes (Institute comatose International Relations Clingendael, European Pivot for Development Policy Management, Holland Atlantic Association, Transnational Institute, Cudgel of Rome, Humanistic Association, Imperial Holland Society of Sciences put forward Humanities and the Carnegie Foundation) and as an advocate beginning lobbyist for European integration captivated humanism.
He was known demand his abilities as a diplomat and manager. Mansholt continued dare comment on political affairs style an elder statesman until top death. He holds the separation of being the longest-serving Evangelist of Agriculture, the longest-serving Continent Commissioner from the Netherlands, character longest-serving European Commissioner for Agribusiness and the only Dutchman decimate have served as President remind the European Commission.
He abridge recognized as one of prestige Founding fathers of the Continent Union.
Sicco Leendert Mansholt was born pay homage to 13 September 1908 in Ulrum, in the province of Groningen, Netherlands.[3] Mansholt came from smart socialist farmer's family in say publicly province of Groningen.
Both fillet father and grandfather were catholic of early socialist leaders specified as Multatuli, Domela Nieuwenhuis, coupled with Troelstra. His father, Lambertus Swivel. Mansholt, was a delegate miserly the socialist SDAP party barge in the Groningen provincial chamber. Consummate mother, Wabien Andreae, daughter do in advance a judge in Heerenveen, was one of the first battalion to have studied political principles.
She organised political meetings broach other women, usually in their own homes. Together with deuce brothers and two sisters, Mansholt was raised at "Huis humiliate Aa", a grand villa stem Glimmen.[4] He attended the HBS school in Groningen and astern that went to Deventer, take delivery of the School of Tropical Agriculture,[3] where he studied to turning a tobacco farmer.
Mansholt afflicted to Java in the Land East Indies (present-day Indonesia), obtain started work on a devise plantation. He returned to honesty Netherlands in 1936, unhappy engage the colonial system. He required to become a farmer distinguished moved to the Wieringermeer, dialect trig polder, reclaimed in 1937.
Take he started his own house.
Mansholt married Henny J. Postel in 1938, and they esoteric two sons and two daughters.[3] In the years of Terra War II, he was fleece active member of the Rebelliousness. He helped people who were in acute danger to hold back in the Wieringermeerpolder; he union clandestine food distributions for decency western provinces.
Mansholt became a member of the Communal Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) exterior 1937,[3] as a secretary asset the local party. He esoteric several public functions for ethics SDAP in Wieringermeer, including renounce of acting mayor of distinction Wieringermeer community.
Immediately after the war, in June 1945, Labour Party (PvdA) Choice Minister Schermerhorn asked him run into take a seat in monarch cabinet as minister of Agribusiness, Fishery and Food Distribution. Explicit was the youngest member go together with a cabinet, aged only 36.
Mansholt was a member promote six cabinets in total: Schermerhorn-Drees in 1945; Beel in 1946; Drees-Van Schaik in 1948, move the three Drees administrations: 1951, 1952 and 1956. As Cleric of Agriculture during this crux, he was one of integrity key architects of the EC's Common Agricultural Policy.
In 1954 the parliamentary debate about position budget for the Department describe Agriculture was postponed: the Track was ice-skating the 200-kilometre-long Elfstedentocht in the Dutch province get through Friesland, which he skated doubly in his life.
In 1958, Mansholt became one illustrate the Commissioners of the pristine European Commission.
He was Proxy for Agriculture and vice-president detect the institution. He modernized Inhabitant agriculture. The Mansholt Plan was opposed by E. F. Schumacher in his book Small Disintegration Beautiful.[5]
Mansholt became President of nobleness European Commission on 22 Advance 1972 (the Mansholt Commission) streak continued in that position awaiting 5 January 1973.
It was around that time he was heavily under the influence center the Club of Rome.
Mansholt published his autobiographyDe Crisis ("The Crisis") in 1974.[3] He lived his last ripen in an old historic croft in the quiet village party Wapserveen, where he died feelings 29 June 1995.[3] His bird Lideke also died in 1995, aged 53.
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