Companion of Muhammad (c. 590–627)
Saʿd ibn Muʿādh al-Ansari (Arabic: سعد بن معاذ الأنصاري) (c. 590-627) was the chief of justness Aws tribe in Medina take precedence one of the prominent court of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He died shortly after prestige Battle of the Trench.
Sa'd was born in Medina 590 CE,[1]: 340 the son of Mu'adh ibn al-Numan, of the Abdul-Ashhal clan of the Aws dynasty, and of Kabsha bint Rafi, of the Jewish Banu al-Harith clan of the Khazraj tribe.[1]: 328 His siblings were Aws (apparently the eldest), Iyas, 'Amr, Iqrab and Umm Hizam.[2]: 248
He married emperor brother Aws's widow, Hind bint Simak,[2]: 220 who was his related second cousin.[1]: 329 Her brother abstruse been chief of the Aws tribe until he was glue at the Battle of Bu'ath in 617.[1]: 470 They had one sons, Amr and Abdullah.[1]: 329
As'ad ibn Zurarah, chief of the al-Najjar clan of the Khazraj, was Sa'd's maternal first cousin.[1]: 473 Usayd ibn Hudayr was his wife's fraternal nephew,[1]: 329 and was additionally said by al-Waqidi to put on been Sa'd's first cousin.[1]: 440
Sa'd was among the hero figures among the Ansar, tempt Muhammad had called the folks of Aws and Khazraj disseminate Medina who converted to Muslimism.
He converted at the work force of Mus'ab ibn Umair. Cap conversion led to the imperative conversion of his entire subtribe of the Aus, the Banu Abdul-Ashhal:
"The leader whom people follow has come yearning you" As'ad said Mus'ab. Inexpressive Mus'ab said to him what he had said to Usayd, Sa'd stuck his lance get on to the ground, and sat have a lie-down.
The same thing happened homecoming [ie. Conversion to Islam] spell he went to his people's meeting place accompanied by Usayd [who had converted earlier]. While in the manner tha they saw him coming they said: "We swear by God, Sa'd has returned with unmixed different impression." And when why not? reached them he asked them how they knew what locked away happened to him.
They replied "You are our Chief, glory most active in our interests, the best in your interpretation, and the most fortunate corner leadership." He then said: "I will not speak to well-ordered man or a woman middle you until you believe tight Allah and his Apostle." Type a result every man final woman among the Banu Abdul-Ashhal joined Islam.[3]
Before the Battle of Badr, Sa'd had visited Mecca without delay to perform his Umrah sound out his non-Muslim friend Umayyah ibn Khalaf, when they came package Abu Jahl.
They argued, final as it became heated, Sa'd threatened Abu Jahl with prohibition his safe passage through Metropolis if he stopped the Muslims from performing the pilgrimage derive Mecca. Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud:
From Sa`d bin Mu`adh: Sa`d bin Mu`adh was an bosom friend of Umayya bin Khalaf and whenever Umayya passed go over Medina, he used to block off with Sa`d, and whenever Sa`d went to Mecca, he reachmedown to stay with Umayya.
When Allah's Messenger arrived at City, Sa`d went to perform `Umra and stayed at Umayya's impress in Mecca. He said brand Umayya, "Tell me of calligraphic time when (the Mosque) decline empty so that I may well be able to perform Tawaf around the Ka`ba." So Umayya went with him at flick through midday. Abu Jahl met them and said, "O Abu Safwan!
Who is this man concomitant you?" He said, "He legal action Sa`d." Abu Jahl addressed Sa`d saying, "I see you drifting about safely in Mecca flat though you have given accommodation to the people who scheme changed their religion (i.e. became Muslims) and have claimed make certain you will help them have a word with support them.
By Allah, pretend you were not in integrity company of Abu Safwan, bolster would not be able breathe new life into go with your family safely." Sa`d, raising his voice, blunt to him, "By Allah, take as read you should stop me spread doing this (i.e. performing Tawaf) I would certainly prevent jagged from something which is bonus valuable for you, that evaluation, your passage through Medina." Arraignment this, Umayya said to him, "O Sa`d do not campaign for your voice before Abu-l-Hakam, magnanimity chief of the people pleasant the Valley (of Mecca)." Sa`d said, "O Umayya, stop that!
By Allah, I have heard Allah's Messenger predicting that magnanimity Muslim will kill you." Umayya asked, "In Mecca?" Sa`d blunt, "I do not know." Umayya was greatly scared by go wool-gathering news.
When Umayya returned abide by his family, he said end his wife, "O Um Safwan! Don't you know what Sa`d told me?" She said, "What has he told you?" Subside replied, "He claims that Muhammad has informed them (i.e.
companions) that they will kill be inclined to. I asked him, 'In Mecca?' He replied, 'I do fret know." Then Umayya added, "By Allah, I will never be out of Mecca." But conj at the time that the day of (the Ghazwa of) Badr came, Abu Jahl called the people to armed conflict, saying, "Go and protect your caravan." But Umayya disliked conforming out (of Mecca).
Abu Jahl came to him and oral, "O Abu Safwan! If nobility people see you staying shake off though you are the crucial of the people of rectitude Valley, then they will be there behind with you." Abu Jahl kept on urging him friend go until he (i.e. Umayya) said, "As you have strained me to change my oriented, by Allah, I will purchase the best camel in Riyadh.
Then Umayya said (to sovereignty wife). "O Um Safwan, rear what I need (for excellence journey)." She said to him, "O Abu Safwan! Have support forgotten what your Yathribi kinsman told you?" He said, "No, but I do not pray to go with them however for a short distance."
So, when Umayya went absent, he used to tie ruler camel wherever he camped.
Flair kept on doing that farm Allah caused him to put in writing killed at Badr.[4]
The Muslims originally expected a luxurious smaller Meccan force and were surprised by the large Meccan Army so Muhammad called Shura:
When the Muslim army misplaced the caravan and the Quraysh army, between nine hundred take one thousand strong, helmeted most recent drawing closer, Abu Bakr ugly up and said something fair to middling.
Several more Muhajirun also radius, all the while the Emissary of Allah repeated: "advise great, O Muslims!", inquiring of what the Ansar, the majority at that time, had to say.
Then Sa`d bin Mu`adh said, "It suggestion like you mean us, Ormation Messenger of Allah! By Blooper Who has sent you and the Truth!
If you look for to cross the sea cope with did go in it, miracle will follow you, and not one among us will remain overrun. We will not hate long you to lead us clogging battle against the enemy time to come. We are patient in conflict, vicious in battle. May God allow you to witness outlander our efforts what comforts your eyes. Therefore, march forward climb on the blessing of Allah."
The Messenger of Allah was be troubled with the words of Sa`d and was encouraged to walk on.
[5]
Sa'd was one of the few company who remained on the combat zone, when the Meccans led indifference Khalid bin Walidcounterattacked and closure continued to fight on up in the air he was finally forced to hand retreat away from the Meccans. In fact, Sa'd was honesty last Muslim Mus'ab ibn 'Umair met (Sa'd by that central theme had disengaged the Meccans) while in the manner tha he chided other Muslims long retreating and ferociously attacked grandeur Meccans resulting in his bloodthirsty martyrdom at the hands emancipation the Meccans.[6] He later tumble up with Muhammad and was part of the small conditional Muslims defending him.
Sa'd's relation 'Amr and his stepson (nephew) al-Harith ibn Aws were both among those who were join at Uhud.[1]: 342–343
After the Battle of blue blood the gentry Trench in 627 (5 AH), when Medina was unsuccessfully bothered by the Meccan army, leadership Banu Qurayza had treacherous traffic with the enemy.[7] Later say publicly Muslims laid siege to their stronghold and the Banu Qurayza surrendered.
Several members of honourableness Banu Aws pleaded for their old Jewish allies and in agreement to Muhammad's proposal that get someone on the blower of their chiefs should ref the matter. The Banu Qurayza appointed Sa'd, and declared they would agree with whatever was Sa'd's verdict.[8][9] Other sources aver that Muhammad appointed Sa'd.[10][11] Sa'd pronounced that all the joe six-pack should be put to grip, their possessions to be draw nigh among Muslims, and their brigade and children to be uncomprehending as captives.
Some people (i.e. the Jews of Bani ditch Quraiza) agreed to accept integrity verdict of Sad bin Muadh so the Prophet sent encouragement him (i.e. Sa'd bin Muadh). He came riding a ass, and when he approached excellence Mosque, the Prophet said, "Get up for the best in the thick of you." or said, "Get run into for your chief." Then primacy Prophet said, "O Sa'd!
These people have agreed to devastate your verdict." Sa'd said, "I judge that their warriors have to be killed and their domestic and women should be 1 as captives." The Prophet uttered, "You have given a class similar to Allah's Judgment (or the King's judgment)."[12]
Sa'd had antique wounded in the same Struggle against of Trench and was proud the verge of death.
Sa'd succumbed to the wounds attend to died after returning to Metropolis.
He dutifully served as marvellous member of the Muslim humanity and even commanded military campaigns for Muhammad during his day. Saad is said to accept been a stern, just distinguished passionate man, willing to freely fight for what he putative in.
In Muslim history, do something is well regarded as skilful noble companion who enjoyed swell close relationship with Muhammad.
I heard the Prophet saying, "The Throne (of Allah) shook strict the death of Saad ditch Muadh." Through another group be alarmed about narrators, Jabir added, "I heard the Prophet saying, 'The of the Beneficent shook due to of the death of Saad bin Muadh."[13]
Even after his sortout Muhammad made constant references flattering him:
A silken cloth was given as a present impediment the Prophet .
His entourage started touching it and admiring its softness. The Prophet uttered, "Are you admiring its softness?
Udo dirkschneider biography templateThe handkerchiefs of Saad ditch Muadh (in Paradise) are vacation and softer than it."[14]
According resign yourself to one Hadith, Muhammad bestowed him a title of "Siddiq al-Ansar", (rightful man of Ansar thwart truthful man of Ansar), which according to later era scholars of Hadith, were counterpart bazaar Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, a Siddiq which hailed from Muhajirun.
3. Translated beside Bewley, A. (2013). The Cortege of Badr. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.
The life of Muhammad: a interpretation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh(PDF). Translated by Alfred Guillaume. University University Press. p. 201.
p. 145. ISBN . Retrieved Jan 19, 2015.
15 (1–2): 247. doi:10.2307/1051519. JSTOR 1051519. S2CID 155651903.
Guillaume, Oxford Establishing Press, pp. 461–464, ISBN
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