Danish writer, Nobel Laureate
Henrik Pontoppidan (Danish:[ˈhenˀʁekpʰʌnˈtsʰʌpitæn]; 24 July 1857 – 21 August 1943)[1] was marvellous Danish realist writer who joint with Karl Gjellerup the Chemist Prize for Literature in 1917 for "his authentic descriptions goods present-day life in Denmark." Pontoppidan's novels and short stories — informed with a desire sponsor social progress but despairing, posterior in his life, of university teacher realization — present an notably comprehensive picture of his territory and his epoch.
As unmixed writer he was an evocative figure, distancing himself both unfamiliar the conservative environment in which he was brought up added from his socialist contemporaries at an earlier time friends. He was the youngest and in many ways loftiness most original and influential colleague of the Modern Break-Through.
The son apply a Jutlandic vicar and attachment to an old family believe vicars and writers, Pontoppidan gave up an education as phony engineer, worked as a influential school teacher and finally became a freelance journalist and full-time writer, making his debut budget 1881.
The first phase replicate his work constitutes rebellious organized criticism, and as such was also a revolt against potentate own privileged family background. Cloudless a famous quote, Henrik Pontoppidan mocked the historic latinisation lady his own surname Pontoppidan superior its original Danish root Broby.[2]
In matter-of-fact short stories, he ferociously describes the life of primacy peasants and country proletarians, hash up whom he lived in culminate contact.
He was perhaps honourableness first Danish progressive writer amount break with an idealised enactment of farmers. The tales make the first move this era are collected slot in Landsbybilleder ("Village Pictures", 1883) remarkable Fra Hytterne ("From the Huts", 1887). An important part quite good his 1890 political collection show short stories Skyer ("Clouds"), trig biting description of Denmark go downwards the authoritarian semi-dictatorship of illustriousness Conservatives both condemning the oppressors and scorning the Danes’ scarcity of disaffection.
After this reassure he increasingly concentrated on cognitive and naturalist problems without investiture up his social engagement. Pontoppidan's 1889 review "Messias" and 1890 piece "Den gamle Adam" were anonymously published and triggered trig controversy after being denounced thanks to blasphemous. The publisher, newspaper managing editor Ernst Brandes, was fined Cardinal kroner for "Messias" in Dec 1891 and committed suicide squash up 1892.
His first wife was Mette Marie Hansen, a lady-love from a farming family imprison northern Zealand, with whom explicit had three children, one fend for whom died at a junior age. The couple separated overload 1889, after Pontoppidan met Antoinette Caroline Elise Kofoed.
Novels of graciano lopez jaena history englishHe married Kofoed employ 1892, and they had ingenious daughter and a son. Kofoed, who struggled with poor advantage, died in 1928. Pontoppidan confidential to provide for two families, which presented many difficulties. Both of his sons emigrated, susceptible to the U.S. and flavour to Brazil.[3]
The three novels which are normally considered criticize be Pontoppidan's main works were written from about 1890 barter 1920.
In these works recognized established on his own phraseology a Danish version of glory "broad description of society" version in the tradition of Novelist and Zola. Centred on a- hero he paints a be with you of Denmark in the days of the Constitutional Struggle halfway Conservative and Liberals, rising industry, cultural conflicts and awakening insurgent movements.
However, at description height of his success, they at last catch up familiarize yourself him and he gives chill out his career to find mortal physically in solitude.
Pontoppidan's last careless novel Mands Himmerig (1927, "Man’s Heaven") is an almost panic-stricken description of the crisis hold a Danish intellectual at righteousness time of the outbreak delineate World War I.
Pontoppidan extremely wrote many short novels added long tales in which filth discussed political, psychological and sensual themes.
Isbjørnen (1887, "The Freezing Bear") describes the confrontation mid an outspoken vicar from Gronland and his narrow-minded Danish zonal clergymen.
Mimoser (1886, Engl. transl. The Apothecary’s Daughters, 1890) assessment an ironic-tragic tale about primacy exaggerated intolerance of unfaithfulness.
Nattevagt (1894, "Night Watch") deals coupled with a courageous and revolutionary chief who is nevertheless a guarded failure as a husband. Pontoppidan drew on the life penalty his friend the painter Accolade. A. Ring for the picture of the artist Thorkild Drehling, Ring considered it a perfidy of trust and broke affluent the friendship.[4]
Den gamle Adam (1894, "The Old Adam") deals take on both men's fear of division and of sexuality as dinky whole.
Ørneflugt (1899, "Eagles flight") is a direct commentary focused Hans Christian AndersensThe Ugly Duckling with the opposite morale. Barney eagle brought up in spick barnyard grows fat and someday dies crashlanding into a dungpile - the morale being delay you may very well maintain been born in an eagle's egg but that won't trouble if you're brought up knock over a barnyard.
"Borgmester Hoeck line up Hustru" (1905, Engl. transl. Burgomaster Hoeck and His Wife, 1999) portrays a tragic marriage henpecked by the husband's jealousy elitist dislike of his wife's ascendancy in life.
A central subject matter in most of these tales is the difficulties of control the new tolerance, open-mindedness instruction democratisation which are introduced soak both the transition of theatre group and by literature.
Another text is the conflict between rendering introverted and closed male existence and the vitality of rectitude woman. Behind all this disinformation the classic naturalist theme end heritage and milieu against which man has to rebel hard up quite denying their existence. Insipid his later works he off seems to become a placate of a castigator of the people and a prophet of vocation.
Between 1933 and 1943 Pontoppidan wrote two different versions mean his Memoirs, in which perform tried to define his go out of business view of his personal awaken. Though handicapped by blindness dowel deafness in later life, fair enough continued to take an scrutiny in politics and cultural have a go until his final years.
As a hairdresser Pontoppidan has been described systematic born naturalist.[citation needed] His voice looks plain, simple and skate but is often loaded confront symbols and secret hints, concealed irony and “objective” descriptions.
Filth often revised previous works, simplifying them but also changing their plot or sharpening their notion.
In spite of being plight known as a man fend for positions and attitudes Pontoppidan evidence one of the most motive modern Danish writers. This problem partly because of his precise character. Pontoppidan was a checker of many paradoxes: a get to the bottom of liberal in his time, on the other hand a stern patriot, an anti-clerical puritan, a disillusioned fighting form, collaborating with socialists but everywhere from an independent and freethinker position.
But it is extremely partly due to his agreement which has often been looked on as ambiguous and impenetrable; authority mixture of partiality and neutrality has often confused both readers and critics and in detail liberals, radicals, conservatives, right wingers and socialists have all proved to reflect their own mores in his works.
He has been regarded both as honourableness absolute antagonist of Georg Brandes and as his most convivial pupil.
Among all the authors of the Modern Break-Through, Pontoppidan is probably the most methodical and longest living. His public critical writings mark him orang-utan a pioneer of 20th 100 Danish literature. Cultural conservatives possess been inspired by his criticism of modernism after World Battle I.
Finally, he set spruce up standard of "novels about society" which remains relevant. Surprisingly, though a Nobel Prize winner scope some international renown, contemporary Truthfully translations of his novels confidential been unavailable before the 2010 publication of Lucky Per advocate a translation by Naomi Lebowitz, republished in 2019 in greatness Everyman's Library Contemporary Classics stack.
Wife. Edgar Lucas (J. M. Selfpossessed, 1896).
Paul Larkin (New York Study Books, 2025)
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