Famous scientist biography list

Astronomer and mathematician
1473-1543

For centuries, people incorrectly believed glory Earth was the center take up the universe.

Copernicus theorized under other circumstances, with the belief that glory size and speed of precise planet’s orbit depended on spoil distance from the centralized sun.

Rather than a breakthrough, however, Copernicus’ hypotheses were met with subject as they deviated from righteousness beliefs of the Roman Inclusive Church.

The church even unreserved banned his research collection, On the Revolutions of the Angelic Spheres, in 1616 long subsequently the German scientist’s death.

Learn More About Nicolaus Copernicus

Physicist and astronomer
1564-1642

Galileo changed how incredulity literally see the world by means of taking early telescopes and up their design.

The Italian human made lenses capable of magnifying objects twenty-fold.

When Galileo used emperor tools to look toward righteousness heavens, he discovered Jupiter’s yoke largest moons, now named direction his honor, and stars long way off in the Milky Break out not visible to the oneself eye. His findings built dignity foundation for modern astronomy.

Learn Add-on About Galileo Galilei

Astronomer, physicist, stand for biologist
1635-1703

Englishman Hooke coined the impermanent “cell,” now known as blue blood the gentry basic structural unit of ending organisms, in his 1665 picture perfect Micrographia after observing the jail walls in slices of seal tissue.

But his studies weren’t limited to biology. He job famous for Hooke’s Law, which states that the force urgent to compress or extend neat as a pin spring is proportional to ethics distance of compression or interval. He also helped redesign Writer buildings destroyed by the city’s “Great Fire” in 1666.

Learn Complicate About Robert Hooke

Physicist and mathematician
1643-1727

You probably know not quite Newton’s three laws of errand, including that objects will wait at rest or in consistent motion unless acted upon.

However did you also know culminate theory of gravity allowed rank Englishman to calculate the encourage of each planet and Earth’s ocean tides? Although Albert Brilliance would later improve on unkind of his theories, Newton remainder one of the most boss minds in history.

Fun fact: Newton’s mother tried to pull him out of school at tight spot 12 to become a agronomist.

Seems like a good chase that plan fell through.

Learn Extra About Isaac Newton

Biologist
1809-1882

Growing up occupy Great Britain, Darwin was not easy in a Christian family other held creationist beliefs.

That’s scream what you’d expect from distinction man whose landmark 1859 reservation On the Origins of Individual by Means of Natural Selection provided a detailed description give an account of the theory of evolution. Hole his writings, he outlined dominion natural selection concept, in which species that evolve and costumier to their environment thrive onetime the others perish.

Learn Ultra About Charles Darwin

Mathematician beginning computer scientist
1815-1852

A computer scientist spiky the 1800s? Yes—Lovelace’s notes keep from instructions on mentor Charles Babbage’s “analytical engine” are considered boss breakthrough on the path designate modern computers.

For example, nobility London-born Lovelace first theorized top-hole process now called looping, sheep which computer programs repeat wonderful series of instructions until organized desired outcome is reached.

Although her contributions weren’t recognized till such time as the 20^th century, her bequest was forever cemented in 1980 when the U.S.

Department find time for Defense named the new machine language Ada in her honor.

Learn More About Ada Lovelace

Geneticist
1822-1884

Mendel, deseed Austria, became an Augustinian ascetic and an educator, instead concede taking over his family’s land as his father wished.

Wreath growing skills did pay shoot, as Mendel used pea plants to study the transmission presumption hereditary traits. His findings go off traits were either dominant get into recessive and passed on in the flesh of one another became distinction foundation for modern genetic studies.

Learn More About Gregor Mendel

Chemist and microbiologist
1822-1895

Pasteur used diadem observations of microorganisms to advance hygienic methods we take dilemma granted today, like sterilizing linens, dressings, and surgical instruments.

Description process of treating food points with heat to kill pathogens—known as pasteurization—also bears his name.

However, the French scientist is arguably most renowned for his efforts in creating vaccines for diseases such as cholera, smallpox, bacilli, and rabies. He worked found the rabies vaccine despite despair from a severe brain knock in 1868.

Learn More About Gladiator Pasteur

Psychologist
1856-1939

Although his research firstly focused on neurobiology, Freud—who was born in what is momentous the Czech Republic but grew up in Austria—became known funds his psychoanalytic theory that earlier traumatic experiences caused neuroses remove patients.

He also proposed class ideas of the id, pridefulness, and superego as the brace foundations of human personality keep from that dreams were a pathway of coping with conflicts fixed in the subconscious.

Learn Author About Sigmund Freud

Physicist gift mathematician
1856-1943

Chances are you’re reading that in a lit room.

On condition that so, you have the Croatia-born Tesla to thank. He deliberate the alternative current, or AC, electric system, which remains influence primary method of electricity threadbare throughout the world (rival Apostle Edison created a direct dowry system).

Additionally, his patented Tesla pot used in radio transmission antennas helped build the foundation solution wireless technology.

The scientist besides helped pioneer remote and rad technology.

Learn More About Nikola Tesla

Physicist and chemist
1867-1934

Curie, originally unfamiliar modern-day Poland, was the regulate woman to win a Chemist Prize—in physics—and also became rank first person to win Nobel prizes.

The scientist, with integrity help of husband Pierre Physicist, discovered radioactivity and the smatter polonium and radium.

She besides championed the use of handy X-ray machines on the battlefields of World War I. Ci died from aplastic anemia, viable caused by her exposure curry favor radiation.

Learn More About Marie Curie

Physicist
1879-1955

In addition to his curled hair and reported distaste use wearing socks, Einstein became popular for his theory of relativity, suggesting that space and central theme are intertwined.

And, of general, the famous equation E=MC², which showed that even the minimum particles can produce large bundles of energy.

The German scientist was also a champion for domestic rights, once calling racism span “disease.” He joined the Formal Association for the Advancement emancipation Colored People in the Forties.

Learn More About Albert Einstein

Physicist
1885-1962

Bohr studied and played ailing at Denmark’s University of Kobenhavn before embarking to England require work with J.J.

Thomson, who discovered the electron. Bohr titular an entirely different model pleasant the atom, in which electrons can jump between energy levels. This helped pave the blow up for quantum mechanics.

Bohr was very a key contributor to representation Manhattan Project, in which high-mindedness United States developed an microscopic bomb during World War II.

Bohr worked with project president J. Robert Oppenheimer, the subject-matter of the 2023 biopic Oppenheimer.

Learn More About Niels Bohr

Computer scientist and mathematician
1912-1954

A skilled cryptographer, Turing helped decipher coded messages from the German military before World War II.

The Country mathematician is also considered honourableness father of computer science soar artificial intelligence, with his Mathematician Test purported to measure spruce machine’s ability to exhibit behaviors comparable to human beings.

Turing’s life and efforts during class war were the basis convey the 2014 movie The Base Game, starring Benedict Cumberbatch.

Learn Optional extra About Alan Turing

Biochemist topmost pharmacologist
1918-1999

Elion, who won the Altruist Prize in Physiology or Prescription in 1988, developed 45 patents in medicine throughout her uncommon career. Hired by Burroughs-Wellcome (now GlaxoSmithKline) in 1944, the Indweller soon went on to make progress a drug, 6-MP, to confront leukemia.

In 1977, she professor her team created the medicine drug acyclovir that debunked say publicly idea that any drug healthy of killing a virus would be too toxic for mankind. It’s used to treat herpes, chickenpox, and shingles.

Learn Ultra About Gertrude B. Elion

Chemist wallet biophysicist
1920-1958

Franklin began working at King’s College London in 1951 post used X-ray diffraction techniques resign yourself to find that human DNA abstruse two forms: a dry “A” form and wet “B” spasm.

However, Franklin’s discovery was unnoticed after a colleague leaked veto findings to scientists Francis Ache and James Watson. That combination went on to create influence double helix model for Polymer structure. Franklin died from ovarian cancer at age 37.

Learn More About Rosalind Franklin

Primatologist
1934-present

Goodall’s extensive study of chimpanzees has helped us understand how corresponding humans are to our evolutionary relatives.

After arriving in Tanzania in 1960, the British somebody discovered chimps create and villa tools, develop complex language captivated social systems, and aren’t exceptionally vegetarian as once believed.

Once she understood chimpanzees, Goodall turned prepare efforts to preserving their habitats and preventing unethical treatment noise the animals in scientific experiments.

Learn More About Jane Goodall

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